在创建消息时,您可以设置 "stream": true 来使用服务器发送事件 (SSE) 增量流式传输响应。

使用SDK进行流式传输

我们的PythonTypeScript SDK提供多种流式传输方式。Python SDK支持同步和异步流。有关详细信息,请参阅每个SDK中的文档。

import anthropic

client = anthropic.Anthropic()

with client.messages.stream(
    max_tokens=1024,
    messages=[{"role": "user", "content": "Hello"}],
    model="claude-opus-4-1-20250805",
) as stream:
  for text in stream.text_stream:
      print(text, end="", flush=True)

事件类型

每个服务器发送事件都包含一个命名的事件类型和相关的JSON数据。每个事件将使用SSE事件名称(例如 event: message_stop),并在其数据中包含匹配的事件 type

每个流使用以下事件流:

  1. message_start:包含一个带有空 contentMessage 对象。
  2. 一系列内容块,每个内容块都有一个 content_block_start、一个或多个 content_block_delta 事件,以及一个 content_block_stop 事件。每个内容块都有一个 index,对应于其在最终Message content 数组中的索引。
  3. 一个或多个 message_delta 事件,指示对最终 Message 对象的顶级更改。
  4. 最后一个 message_stop 事件。

message_delta 事件的 usage 字段中显示的令牌计数是累积的

Ping事件

事件流还可能包含任意数量的 ping 事件。

错误事件

我们可能偶尔在事件流中发送错误。例如,在高使用率期间,您可能会收到 overloaded_error,这通常对应于非流式上下文中的HTTP 529:

Example error
event: error
data: {"type": "error", "error": {"type": "overloaded_error", "message": "Overloaded"}}

其他事件

根据我们的版本控制策略,我们可能会添加新的事件类型,您的代码应该优雅地处理未知的事件类型。

内容块增量类型

每个 content_block_delta 事件都包含一个类型的 delta,用于更新给定 index 处的 content 块。

文本增量

text 内容块增量如下所示:

Text delta
event: content_block_delta
data: {"type": "content_block_delta","index": 0,"delta": {"type": "text_delta", "text": "ello frien"}}

输入JSON增量

tool_use 内容块的增量对应于块的 input 字段的更新。为了支持最大粒度,增量是_部分JSON字符串_,而最终的 tool_use.input 始终是一个_对象_。

您可以累积字符串增量,并在收到 content_block_stop 事件后解析JSON,方法是使用像Pydantic这样的库来进行部分JSON解析,或者使用我们的SDK,它们提供帮助程序来访问解析的增量值。

tool_use 内容块增量如下所示:

Input JSON delta
event: content_block_delta
data: {"type": "content_block_delta","index": 1,"delta": {"type": "input_json_delta","partial_json": "{\"location\": \"San Fra"}}}

注意:我们当前的模型只支持一次从 input 发出一个完整的键和值属性。因此,在使用工具时,在模型工作期间流式事件之间可能会有延迟。一旦 input 键和值被累积,我们将它们作为多个带有分块部分json的 content_block_delta 事件发出,以便格式可以自动支持未来模型中更细的粒度。

思考增量

当使用扩展思考并启用流式传输时,您将通过 thinking_delta 事件接收思考内容。这些增量对应于 thinking 内容块的 thinking 字段。

对于思考内容,在 content_block_stop 事件之前会发送一个特殊的 signature_delta 事件。此签名用于验证思考块的完整性。

典型的思考增量如下所示:

Thinking delta
event: content_block_delta
data: {"type": "content_block_delta", "index": 0, "delta": {"type": "thinking_delta", "thinking": "Let me solve this step by step:\n\n1. First break down 27 * 453"}}

签名增量如下所示:

Signature delta
event: content_block_delta
data: {"type": "content_block_delta", "index": 0, "delta": {"type": "signature_delta", "signature": "EqQBCgIYAhIM1gbcDa9GJwZA2b3hGgxBdjrkzLoky3dl1pkiMOYds..."}}

完整的HTTP流响应

我们强烈建议您在使用流式模式时使用我们的客户端SDK。但是,如果您正在构建直接的API集成,您将需要自己处理这些事件。

流响应由以下部分组成:

  1. 一个 message_start 事件
  2. 可能有多个内容块,每个内容块包含:
    • 一个 content_block_start 事件
    • 可能有多个 content_block_delta 事件
    • 一个 content_block_stop 事件
  3. 一个 message_delta 事件
  4. 一个 message_stop 事件

在整个响应中也可能分散有 ping 事件。有关格式的更多详细信息,请参阅事件类型

基本流式请求

curl https://api.anthropic.com/v1/messages \
     --header "anthropic-version: 2023-06-01" \
     --header "content-type: application/json" \
     --header "x-api-key: $ANTHROPIC_API_KEY" \
     --data \
'{
  "model": "claude-opus-4-1-20250805",
  "messages": [{"role": "user", "content": "Hello"}],
  "max_tokens": 256,
  "stream": true
}'
Response
event: message_start
data: {"type": "message_start", "message": {"id": "msg_1nZdL29xx5MUA1yADyHTEsnR8uuvGzszyY", "type": "message", "role": "assistant", "content": [], "model": "claude-opus-4-1-20250805", "stop_reason": null, "stop_sequence": null, "usage": {"input_tokens": 25, "output_tokens": 1}}}

event: content_block_start
data: {"type": "content_block_start", "index": 0, "content_block": {"type": "text", "text": ""}}

event: ping
data: {"type": "ping"}

event: content_block_delta
data: {"type": "content_block_delta", "index": 0, "delta": {"type": "text_delta", "text": "Hello"}}

event: content_block_delta
data: {"type": "content_block_delta", "index": 0, "delta": {"type": "text_delta", "text": "!"}}

event: content_block_stop
data: {"type": "content_block_stop", "index": 0}

event: message_delta
data: {"type": "message_delta", "delta": {"stop_reason": "end_turn", "stop_sequence":null}, "usage": {"output_tokens": 15}}

event: message_stop
data: {"type": "message_stop"}

使用工具的流式请求

工具使用现在支持参数值的细粒度流式传输作为测试功能。有关更多详细信息,请参阅细粒度工具流式传输

在此请求中,我们要求Claude使用工具告诉我们天气情况。

  curl https://api.anthropic.com/v1/messages \
    -H "content-type: application/json" \
    -H "x-api-key: $ANTHROPIC_API_KEY" \
    -H "anthropic-version: 2023-06-01" \
    -d '{
      "model": "claude-opus-4-1-20250805",
      "max_tokens": 1024,
      "tools": [
        {
          "name": "get_weather",
          "description": "Get the current weather in a given location",
          "input_schema": {
            "type": "object",
            "properties": {
              "location": {
                "type": "string",
                "description": "The city and state, e.g. San Francisco, CA"
              }
            },
            "required": ["location"]
          }
        }
      ],
      "tool_choice": {"type": "any"},
      "messages": [
        {
          "role": "user",
          "content": "What is the weather like in San Francisco?"
        }
      ],
      "stream": true
    }'
Response
event: message_start
data: {"type":"message_start","message":{"id":"msg_014p7gG3wDgGV9EUtLvnow3U","type":"message","role":"assistant","model":"claude-opus-4-1-20250805","stop_sequence":null,"usage":{"input_tokens":472,"output_tokens":2},"content":[],"stop_reason":null}}

event: content_block_start
data: {"type":"content_block_start","index":0,"content_block":{"type":"text","text":""}}

event: ping
data: {"type": "ping"}

event: content_block_delta
data: {"type":"content_block_delta","index":0,"delta":{"type":"text_delta","text":"Okay"}}

event: content_block_delta
data: {"type":"content_block_delta","index":0,"delta":{"type":"text_delta","text":","}}

event: content_block_delta
data: {"type":"content_block_delta","index":0,"delta":{"type":"text_delta","text":" let"}}

event: content_block_delta
data: {"type":"content_block_delta","index":0,"delta":{"type":"text_delta","text":"'s"}}

event: content_block_delta
data: {"type":"content_block_delta","index":0,"delta":{"type":"text_delta","text":" check"}}

event: content_block_delta
data: {"type":"content_block_delta","index":0,"delta":{"type":"text_delta","text":" the"}}

event: content_block_delta
data: {"type":"content_block_delta","index":0,"delta":{"type":"text_delta","text":" weather"}}

event: content_block_delta
data: {"type":"content_block_delta","index":0,"delta":{"type":"text_delta","text":" for"}}

event: content_block_delta
data: {"type":"content_block_delta","index":0,"delta":{"type":"text_delta","text":" San"}}

event: content_block_delta
data: {"type":"content_block_delta","index":0,"delta":{"type":"text_delta","text":" Francisco"}}

event: content_block_delta
data: {"type":"content_block_delta","index":0,"delta":{"type":"text_delta","text":","}}

event: content_block_delta
data: {"type":"content_block_delta","index":0,"delta":{"type":"text_delta","text":" CA"}}

event: content_block_delta
data: {"type":"content_block_delta","index":0,"delta":{"type":"text_delta","text":":"}}

event: content_block_stop
data: {"type":"content_block_stop","index":0}

event: content_block_start
data: {"type":"content_block_start","index":1,"content_block":{"type":"tool_use","id":"toolu_01T1x1fJ34qAmk2tNTrN7Up6","name":"get_weather","input":{}}}

event: content_block_delta
data: {"type":"content_block_delta","index":1,"delta":{"type":"input_json_delta","partial_json":""}}

event: content_block_delta
data: {"type":"content_block_delta","index":1,"delta":{"type":"input_json_delta","partial_json":"{\"location\":"}}

event: content_block_delta
data: {"type":"content_block_delta","index":1,"delta":{"type":"input_json_delta","partial_json":" \"San"}}

event: content_block_delta
data: {"type":"content_block_delta","index":1,"delta":{"type":"input_json_delta","partial_json":" Francisc"}}

event: content_block_delta
data: {"type":"content_block_delta","index":1,"delta":{"type":"input_json_delta","partial_json":"o,"}}

event: content_block_delta
data: {"type":"content_block_delta","index":1,"delta":{"type":"input_json_delta","partial_json":" CA\""}}

event: content_block_delta
data: {"type":"content_block_delta","index":1,"delta":{"type":"input_json_delta","partial_json":", "}}

event: content_block_delta
data: {"type":"content_block_delta","index":1,"delta":{"type":"input_json_delta","partial_json":"\"unit\": \"fah"}}

event: content_block_delta
data: {"type":"content_block_delta","index":1,"delta":{"type":"input_json_delta","partial_json":"renheit\"}"}}

event: content_block_stop
data: {"type":"content_block_stop","index":1}

event: message_delta
data: {"type":"message_delta","delta":{"stop_reason":"tool_use","stop_sequence":null},"usage":{"output_tokens":89}}

event: message_stop
data: {"type":"message_stop"}

使用扩展思考的流式请求

在此请求中,我们启用扩展思考和流式传输来查看Claude的逐步推理。

curl https://api.anthropic.com/v1/messages \
     --header "x-api-key: $ANTHROPIC_API_KEY" \
     --header "anthropic-version: 2023-06-01" \
     --header "content-type: application/json" \
     --data \
'{
    "model": "claude-opus-4-1-20250805",
    "max_tokens": 20000,
    "stream": true,
    "thinking": {
        "type": "enabled",
        "budget_tokens": 16000
    },
    "messages": [
        {
            "role": "user",
            "content": "What is 27 * 453?"
        }
    ]
}'
Response
event: message_start
data: {"type": "message_start", "message": {"id": "msg_01...", "type": "message", "role": "assistant", "content": [], "model": "claude-opus-4-1-20250805", "stop_reason": null, "stop_sequence": null}}

event: content_block_start
data: {"type": "content_block_start", "index": 0, "content_block": {"type": "thinking", "thinking": ""}}

event: content_block_delta
data: {"type": "content_block_delta", "index": 0, "delta": {"type": "thinking_delta", "thinking": "Let me solve this step by step:\n\n1. First break down 27 * 453"}}

event: content_block_delta
data: {"type": "content_block_delta", "index": 0, "delta": {"type": "thinking_delta", "thinking": "\n2. 453 = 400 + 50 + 3"}}

event: content_block_delta
data: {"type": "content_block_delta", "index": 0, "delta": {"type": "thinking_delta", "thinking": "\n3. 27 * 400 = 10,800"}}

event: content_block_delta
data: {"type": "content_block_delta", "index": 0, "delta": {"type": "thinking_delta", "thinking": "\n4. 27 * 50 = 1,350"}}

event: content_block_delta
data: {"type": "content_block_delta", "index": 0, "delta": {"type": "thinking_delta", "thinking": "\n5. 27 * 3 = 81"}}

event: content_block_delta
data: {"type": "content_block_delta", "index": 0, "delta": {"type": "thinking_delta", "thinking": "\n6. 10,800 + 1,350 + 81 = 12,231"}}

event: content_block_delta
data: {"type": "content_block_delta", "index": 0, "delta": {"type": "signature_delta", "signature": "EqQBCgIYAhIM1gbcDa9GJwZA2b3hGgxBdjrkzLoky3dl1pkiMOYds..."}}

event: content_block_stop
data: {"type": "content_block_stop", "index": 0}

event: content_block_start
data: {"type": "content_block_start", "index": 1, "content_block": {"type": "text", "text": ""}}

event: content_block_delta
data: {"type": "content_block_delta", "index": 1, "delta": {"type": "text_delta", "text": "27 * 453 = 12,231"}}

event: content_block_stop
data: {"type": "content_block_stop", "index": 1}

event: message_delta
data: {"type": "message_delta", "delta": {"stop_reason": "end_turn", "stop_sequence": null}}

event: message_stop
data: {"type": "message_stop"}

使用网络搜索工具的流式请求

在此请求中,我们要求Claude搜索网络以获取当前天气信息。

curl https://api.anthropic.com/v1/messages \
     --header "x-api-key: $ANTHROPIC_API_KEY"  \
     --header "anthropic-version: 2023-06-01" \
     --header "content-type: application/json" \
     --data \
'{
    "model": "claude-opus-4-1-20250805",
    "max_tokens": 1024,
    "stream": true,
    "tools": [
        {
            "type": "web_search_20250305",
            "name": "web_search",
            "max_uses": 5
        }
    ],
    "messages": [
        {
            "role": "user",
            "content": "What is the weather like in New York City today?"
        }
    ]
}'
Response
event: message_start
data: {"type":"message_start","message":{"id":"msg_01G...","type":"message","role":"assistant","model":"claude-opus-4-1-20250805","content":[],"stop_reason":null,"stop_sequence":null,"usage":{"input_tokens":2679,"cache_creation_input_tokens":0,"cache_read_input_tokens":0,"output_tokens":3}}}

event: content_block_start
data: {"type":"content_block_start","index":0,"content_block":{"type":"text","text":""}}

event: content_block_delta
data: {"type":"content_block_delta","index":0,"delta":{"type":"text_delta","text":"I'll check"}}

event: content_block_delta
data: {"type":"content_block_delta","index":0,"delta":{"type":"text_delta","text":" the current weather in New York City for you"}}

event: ping
data: {"type": "ping"}

event: content_block_delta
data: {"type":"content_block_delta","index":0,"delta":{"type":"text_delta","text":"."}}

event: content_block_stop
data: {"type":"content_block_stop","index":0}

event: content_block_start
data: {"type":"content_block_start","index":1,"content_block":{"type":"server_tool_use","id":"srvtoolu_014hJH82Qum7Td6UV8gDXThB","name":"web_search","input":{}}}

event: content_block_delta
data: {"type":"content_block_delta","index":1,"delta":{"type":"input_json_delta","partial_json":""}}

event: content_block_delta
data: {"type":"content_block_delta","index":1,"delta":{"type":"input_json_delta","partial_json":"{\"query"}}

event: content_block_delta
data: {"type":"content_block_delta","index":1,"delta":{"type":"input_json_delta","partial_json":"\":"}}

event: content_block_delta
data: {"type":"content_block_delta","index":1,"delta":{"type":"input_json_delta","partial_json":" \"weather"}}

event: content_block_delta
data: {"type":"content_block_delta","index":1,"delta":{"type":"input_json_delta","partial_json":" NY"}}

event: content_block_delta
data: {"type":"content_block_delta","index":1,"delta":{"type":"input_json_delta","partial_json":"C to"}}

event: content_block_delta
data: {"type":"content_block_delta","index":1,"delta":{"type":"input_json_delta","partial_json":"day\"}"}}

event: content_block_stop
data: {"type":"content_block_stop","index":1 }

event: content_block_start
data: {"type":"content_block_start","index":2,"content_block":{"type":"web_search_tool_result","tool_use_id":"srvtoolu_014hJH82Qum7Td6UV8gDXThB","content":[{"type":"web_search_result","title":"Weather in New York City in May 2025 (New York) - detailed Weather Forecast for a month","url":"https://world-weather.info/forecast/usa/new_york/may-2025/","encrypted_content":"Ev0DCioIAxgCIiQ3NmU4ZmI4OC1k...","page_age":null},...]}}

event: content_block_stop
data: {"type":"content_block_stop","index":2}

event: content_block_start
data: {"type":"content_block_start","index":3,"content_block":{"type":"text","text":""}}

event: content_block_delta
data: {"type":"content_block_delta","index":3,"delta":{"type":"text_delta","text":"Here's the current weather information for New York"}}

event: content_block_delta
data: {"type":"content_block_delta","index":3,"delta":{"type":"text_delta","text":" City:\n\n# Weather"}}

event: content_block_delta
data: {"type":"content_block_delta","index":3,"delta":{"type":"text_delta","text":" in New York City"}}

event: content_block_delta
data: {"type":"content_block_delta","index":3,"delta":{"type":"text_delta","text":"\n\n"}}

...

event: content_block_stop
data: {"type":"content_block_stop","index":17}

event: message_delta
data: {"type":"message_delta","delta":{"stop_reason":"end_turn","stop_sequence":null},"usage":{"input_tokens":10682,"cache_creation_input_tokens":0,"cache_read_input_tokens":0,"output_tokens":510,"server_tool_use":{"web_search_requests":1}}}

event: message_stop
data: {"type":"message_stop"}

错误恢复

当流式请求由于网络问题、超时或其他错误而中断时,您可以通过从流中断的地方恢复来进行恢复。这种方法可以避免重新处理整个响应。

基本恢复策略包括:

  1. 捕获部分响应:保存在错误发生之前成功接收的所有内容
  2. 构造继续请求:创建一个新的API请求,将部分助手响应作为新助手消息的开头包含在内
  3. 恢复流式传输:从中断的地方继续接收响应的其余部分

错误恢复最佳实践

  1. 使用SDK功能:利用SDK的内置消息累积和错误处理功能
  2. 处理内容类型:请注意消息可以包含多个内容块(texttool_usethinking)。工具使用和扩展思考块无法部分恢复。您可以从最近的文本块恢复流式传输。